Criando um sistema básico de Short Url (parte 2)
Depois de vários meses usando o sistema e tendo que atualizar a lista de links manualmente no XML via FTP, decidi que era hora de melhorar o sistema para que incluísse um banco de dados e um meio de incluir, editar e remover links online.
Portanto, melhorei o sistema e hoje está disponível em http://puul.ga
O código fonte (open source) está disponível no Github
Foram feitas várias melhorias no sistema, de forma a ser responsivo e fácil de usar. Mas seu visual e utilidades continuam simples. Cria-se um short link (mesmo conceito que bit.ly) que pode ser compartilhado em qualquer lugar, deixando o link curto e fácil de ser digitado.
O projeto continua sendo em C#, MVC, Entity Framework, Html5, Css3 e jQuery (Bootstrap)
Primeiramente, é necessário criar o objeto/classe que irá conter os dados do Link gerado:
using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
namespace Shorten_Urls.Models
{
public class Url
{
public int Id { get; set; }
[RegularExpression(@"^.{8,}$", ErrorMessage = "Minimum 8 characters required")]
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Required")]
[StringLength(30, MinimumLength = 8, ErrorMessage = "Invalid")]
[Display(Name ="Shareable Url")]
public string Src { get; set; }
[Url]
[Display(Name = "Redirects To")]
public string Redirect { get; set; }
public string UserId { get; set; }
[Display(Name = "Created By")]
public string Username { get; set; }
//[DataType(DataType.Date)]
//[DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:MM/dd/yyyy}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)]
[Display(Name = "Created On")]
public DateTime CreatedOn { get; set; }
//[DataType(DataType.Date)]
//[DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:MM/dd/yyyy}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)]
[Display(Name = "Expires")]
public DateTime? Expires { get; set; }
}
}
Também é necessário criar o Repositório (ou Data Layer). Esse repositório permite o uso tanto de XML quanto SQL, sendo configurada a opção no
web.config
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data.Entity;
namespace Shorten_Urls.Models
{
public class UrlRepository : IRepository<Url>
{
private XDocument _urls;
private List<Url> urls;
ApplicationDbContext _context;
private readonly string DbProvider = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DbProvider"];
private const string SQL = "Sql";
private const string XML = "Xml";
public bool needLastId { get { return DbProvider.Equals(XML); } }
public List<Url> Urls { get { return urls; } }
public int LastId
{ get { return urls.Last().Id; } }
public UrlRepository()
{
urls = new List<Url>();
if (DbProvider == XML)
{
_urls = MvcApplication.IO.Forwards;
IEnumerable<XElement> rootDescendants = _urls.Descendants("url");
foreach (XElement e in rootDescendants)
urls.Add(MapXElement(e));
}
else if (DbProvider == SQL)
{
_context = new ApplicationDbContext();
urls = _context.Forwarders.ToList();
}
}
public bool Exists(string src)
{
var yes = from y in urls where y.Src == src select y;
if (yes.Count() > 0) return true;
else return false;
}
public IEnumerable<Url> GetAll()
{
return urls;
}
public void Add(Url url)
{
urls.Add(url);
if (DbProvider == XML)
MvcApplication.IO.AddForward(url);
else if (DbProvider == SQL)
{
_context.Forwarders.Add(url);
_context.SaveChanges();
}
}
public Url GetById(int Id)
{
Url e = (from url in urls where url.Id == Id select url).Single();
if (DbProvider == SQL)
{
PopulateUsername(e);
}
return e;
}
public List<Url> GetByUserId(string userId)
{
List<Url> list = (from urlList in urls where urlList.UserId == userId select urlList).ToList();
if (DbProvider == SQL)
{
foreach (Url url in list) PopulateUsername(url);
}
return list;
}
public Url GetBySrc(string src)
{
var e = (from url in urls where url.Src.Equals(src) select url);
if (e.Count() == 0) return null;
else {
if (DbProvider == SQL)
{
PopulateUsername(e.Single());
}
return e.Single();
}
}
public void Remove(int id)
{
Url remove = (from url in urls where url.Id == id select url).Single();
urls.Remove(remove);
Remove(remove);
}
public void Remove(Url url)
{
urls.Remove(url);
if (DbProvider == XML)
MvcApplication.IO.RemoveForward(url);
else if (DbProvider == SQL)
{
_context.Forwarders.Remove(url);
_context.SaveChanges();
}
}
public void Remove(string src)
{
Url remove = (from url in urls where url.Src == src select url).Single();
urls.Remove(remove);
Remove(remove);
}
public void RemoveAll()
{
urls.Clear();
}
public void RemoveByUserId(string userId)
{
Url remove = (from url in urls where url.UserId == userId select url).Single();
urls.Remove(remove);
Remove(remove);
}
public void Update(Url url)
{
Url old = (from urlE in urls where urlE.Id == url.Id select urlE).Single();
urls.Remove(old);
urls.Add(url);
if (DbProvider == XML)
{
MvcApplication.IO.RemoveForward(old);
MvcApplication.IO.AddForward(url);
}
else if (DbProvider == SQL)
{
_context.Entry(url).State = EntityState.Modified;
_context.SaveChanges();
}
}
private Url PopulateUsername(int id)
{
Url url = (from u in urls where u.Id == id select u).Single();
string userId = url.UserId == null ? "" : url.UserId;
UserRepository userRepo = new UserRepository();
url.Username = userRepo.GetUsername(userId);
return url;
}
private Url PopulateUsername(Url url)
{
UserRepository userRepo = new UserRepository();
string userId = url.UserId == null ? "" : url.UserId;
url.Username = userRepo.GetUsername(userId);
return url;
}
private Url MapXElement(XElement element)
{
DateTime expires = element.Attribute("expires").Value == "" ? new DateTime(2999, 12, 31) : DateTime.Parse(element.Attribute("expires").Value);
DateTime createdOn = element.Attribute("created").Value == "" ? DateTime.Now : DateTime.Parse(element.Attribute("created").Value);
string userId = element.Attribute("userid").Value;
int id = int.Parse(element.Attribute("id").Value);
Url url = new Url
{
Id = id,
CreatedOn = createdOn,
Expires = expires,
UserId = userId,
Redirect = element.Value.Trim(),
Src = element.Attribute("src").Value
};
return PopulateUsername(url);
}
}
}
A parte mais importante do projeto é o Controller que vai servir os Links, e as rotas de leitura dos links. Portanto, o
RouteConfig.cs
também tem que estar correto:
ForwardsController.cs
using Shorten_Urls.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;
namespace Shorten_Urls.Controllers
{
public class ForwardsController : Controller
{
private UrlRepository _repo;
private UserRepository _usersRepo;
private ApplicationUser user;
public ForwardsController()
{
_repo = new UrlRepository();
_usersRepo = new UserRepository();
}
//
// GET: /Forwards/
public ActionResult SendToSrc(string src)
{
string error404 = "404.html";
string redirect = "/Home/Index";
Url url = _repo.GetBySrc(src);
if (url != null)
{
if (!url.Redirect.Equals(string.Empty) && (url.Expires > DateTime.Now || url.Expires == null))
redirect = url.Redirect;
else
redirect = error404;
}
return Redirect(redirect);
}
[Authorize]
public ActionResult List()
{
List<Url> urls;
if (User != null)
user = _usersRepo.GetById(User.Identity.GetUserId());
if (user.UserType == UserTypes.Administrator)
urls = _repo.Urls;
else urls = _repo.GetByUserId(user.Id);
return View(urls);
}
//
// GET: /Forwards/Details/5
[Authorize]
public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
if (User != null)
user = _usersRepo.GetById(User.Identity.GetUserId());
if (id == 0)
Redirect("/Home/Index");
Url url = _repo.GetById(id);
return View(url);
}
//
// GET: /Forwards/Create
[Authorize]
public ActionResult Create()
{
if (User != null)
user = _usersRepo.GetById(User.Identity.GetUserId());
Url url = new Url();
string random = Helpers.GenerateRandomgUrl();
while (_repo.Exists(random))
{
random = Helpers.GenerateRandomgUrl();
}
ViewBag.RandomUrl = random;
return View(url);
}
[HttpGet]
public string Available(string Src)
{
bool exists = _repo.Exists(Src);
return new JavaScriptSerializer().Serialize(!exists);
}
//
// POST: /Forwards/Create
[Authorize]
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create(string Redirect, string Src, DateTime? Expires)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add insert logic here
if (User != null)
user = _usersRepo.GetById(User.Identity.GetUserId());
Url newUrl = new Url
{
Redirect = Redirect,
Src = Src,
CreatedOn = DateTime.Now,
Expires = Expires,
UserId = user.Id,
Username = _usersRepo.GetUsername(user.Id)
};
if (_repo.needLastId)
newUrl.Id = _repo.LastId + 1;
_repo.Add(newUrl);
TempData["Success"] = "Short Url has been created";
return RedirectToAction("List");
}
catch
{
TempData["Error"] = "There was an error saving your new Url";
return View("List");
}
}
//
// GET: /Forwards/Edit/5
[Authorize]
public ActionResult Edit(int id)
{
if (User != null)
user = _usersRepo.GetById(User.Identity.GetUserId());
Url editUrl = _repo.GetById(id);
return View(editUrl);
}
//
// POST: /Forwards/Edit/5
[Authorize]
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Edit(int Id, string Redirect, string Src, DateTime? Expires = null)
{
try
{
// TODO: Add update logic here
if (User != null)
user = _usersRepo.GetById(User.Identity.GetUserId());
Url editUrl = _repo.GetById(Id);
editUrl.Redirect = Redirect;
editUrl.Src = Src;
editUrl.UserId = user.Id;
editUrl.Expires = Expires;
editUrl.Username = _usersRepo.GetUsername(user.Id);
_repo.Update(editUrl);
TempData["Success"] = "Short Url has been updated";
return RedirectToAction("List");
}
catch
{
TempData["Error"] = "There was an error saving your Url";
return View();
}
}
//
// GET: /Forwards/Delete/5
[Authorize]
public ActionResult Delete(int id)
{
if (User != null)
user = _usersRepo.GetById(User.Identity.GetUserId());
Url url = _repo.GetById(id);
return View(url);
}
[Authorize]
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Delete(int id, bool confirm)
{
try
{
if (User != null)
user = _usersRepo.GetById(User.Identity.GetUserId());
_repo.Remove(id);
TempData["Success"] = "Short Url has been deleted";
return RedirectToAction("List");
}
catch
{
TempData["Error"] = "There was an error deleting your Url";
Url url = _repo.GetById(id);
return View(url);
}
}
}
}
RouteConfig.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;
namespace Shorten_Urls
{
public class RouteConfig
{
public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");
routes.MapRoute(
name: "Forward",
url: "{src}",
defaults: new { controller = "Forwards", action = "SendToSrc", src = "" }
);
routes.MapRoute(
name: "Default",
url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);
}
}
}
Ao final, configura-se o
web.config
com as seguintes chaves:
<appsettings>
<add key="ForwardsFile" value="~/App_Data/forwards.xml"></add>
<add key="LenghtOfRandomString" value="8"></add>
<add key="WebsiteName" value="Puulga"></add>
<add key="WebsiteUrl" value="http://puul.ga/"></add>
<add key="Website" value="true"></add>
<!--email provider section-->
<add key="siteadmin" value="email@puul.ga"></add>
<add key="email-subject" value="Email from Puul.ga"></add>
<add key="email-from" value="email@puul.ga"></add>
<add key="email-from-name" value="Puul.ga"></add>
<add key="email-require-auth" value="false"></add>
<add key="email-username" value="puul.ga"></add>
<add key="email-password" value="password"></add>
<add key="email-port" value="3535"></add>
<add key="useSSL" value="false"></add>
<add key="email-server" value="localhost"></add>
<add key="email-html-share" value="~/Email Templates/share.html"></add>
<add key="email-html-default" value="~/Email Templates/puulga.html"></add>
<add key="email-html-forgotten" value="~/Email Templates/puulga.html"></add>
<add key="email-html-confirmation" value="~/Email Templates/puulga.html"></add>
<add key="email-html-welcome" value="~/Email Templates/puulga.html"></add>
<!--Database options. possible values: Xml, Sql-->
<add key="DbProvider" value="Sql"></add>
</appsettings>
Basicamente, esses são os elementos mais importantes para o funcionamento do projeto. Todo o código fonte está disponível no Github em código aberto.
Visite o site para ver como funciona.
